Neuroscience and Neurotech for cognitive enhancement and behavior modification

Emerging cognitive neuroscience and related technologies written by the National Research Council.

Chapter 5: Potential intelligence and military applications

Paraphrasing from the executive summary: This area of neuroscience and cognitive enhancement is advancing too quickly for this group to fully track and anticipate disruptive leaps in capability.

Chapter 3: Emerging areas of neuroscience and neurotechnology

FURTHER READING
Wired talks about Gandhi pills that could enhance the kindness of people. The flip side is that pacifying a population would have another option.

The Wired source is from mindhacks which looks at drugs for optimising morality.