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The highest VO2 max figures on record – around 90 millilitres of oxygen per kilogram per minute – come from cross-country skiers and rowers, who use a high proportion of the muscles in their bodies. Elite cyclists generally score lower because their activity uses a smaller muscle mass
Power output data was used to estimate the VO2 max of several riders on the climb of Alpe d’Huez – one of the longest and steepest on the route – over a number of years. A number of the riders had a VO2 max above 85 ml/kg/min, with some over 90 ml/kg/min.
Tucker estimates that Lance Armstrong, the US rider who has won a record seven Tours, would have produced a VO2 max of between 88 and 97 ml/kg/min when he climbed Alpe d’Huez in 2004. Armstrong has not been found to have used performance-enhancing drugs
Pierre Sallet, a physiologist and athletics coach in Lyon, France, has studied this approach for WADA. When analysing one climb in the Tour, Sallet observed a rider who produced an average power in excess of 480 W for more than 30 minutes, a level which he considers “beyond all norms” and reason to investigate further
These definitions also mean that people with a VO2 max of 91 ml/kg/min or more or have an average power output over 480 Watts for 30 minutes are transhuman or performance enhanced.
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Brian Wang is a Futurist Thought Leader and a popular Science blogger with 1 million readers per month. His blog Nextbigfuture.com is ranked #1 Science News Blog. It covers many disruptive technology and trends including Space, Robotics, Artificial Intelligence, Medicine, Anti-aging Biotechnology, and Nanotechnology.
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A frequent speaker at corporations, he has been a TEDx speaker, a Singularity University speaker and guest at numerous interviews for radio and podcasts. He is open to public speaking and advising engagements.