Quantum Computing at Room Temperature By 2030

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Transparent crystals with optical nonlinearities could enable quantum computing at room temperature by 2030.

Army Researchers and Dr. Mikkel Heuck and Prof. Dirk Englund of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have demonstrated the feasibility of a quantum logic gate comprised of photonic circuits and optical crystals.

Researchers can engineer cavities in the crystals that temporarily trap photons inside. Through this method, the quantum system can establish two different possible states that a qubit can hold: a cavity with a photon (on) and a cavity without a photon (off). These qubits can then form quantum logic gates, which create the framework for the strange states.

Physical Review Letters – Controlled-Phase Gate Using Dynamically Coupled Cavities and Optical Nonlinearities

ABSTRACT
We show that relatively simple integrated photonic circuits have the potential to realize a high fidelity deterministic controlled-phase gate between photonic qubits using bulk optical nonlinearities. The gate is enabled by converting travelling continuous-mode photons into stationary cavity modes using strong classical control fields that dynamically change the effective cavity-waveguide coupling rate. This architecture succeeds because it reduces the wave packet distortions that otherwise accompany the action of optical nonlinearities. We show that high-fidelity gates can be achieved with self-phase modulation. The gate fidelity asymptotically approaches unity with increasing storage time for an incident photon wave packet with fixed duration. We also show that dynamically coupled cavities enable a trade-off between errors due to loss and wave packet distortion. Our proposed architecture represents a new approach to practical implementation of quantum gates that is room-temperature compatible and only relies on components that have been individually demonstrated.

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