Tokens and Tokenization are an Important for Fundamental LLM Understanding

Tokens are the fundamental units that LLMs process. Instead of working with raw text (characters or whole words), LLMs convert input text into a sequence of numeric IDs called tokens using a model-specific tokenizer. A single token typically represents a common word like (“hello”) a subword (“un” + “derstanding”) a punctuation mark or space and …

Read more

Defeating Nondeterminism in LLM Inference by Thinking Machines

A research article by Horace He and the Thinking Machines Lab (X-OpenAI CTO Mira Murati founded) addresses a long-standing issue in large language models (LLMs). Even with greedy decoding bu setting temperature to 0 wiht the goal of no intentional randomness and fixed seeds, the same prompt often produces different outputs across runs or servers. …

Read more

Analog in-memory Computing Attention Mechanism for Fast and Energy-efficient Large Language Models

A Nature paper describes an innovative analog in-memory computing (IMC) architecture tailored for the attention mechanism in large language models (LLMs). They want to drastically reduce latency and energy consumption during inference. The design leverages gain-cell crossbar arrays—capacitor-based memory devices made from oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (IGZO or ITO)—to store key (K) and value (V) …

Read more

AI Legend Sutton Wrote the Bitter Lesson- Gives His Suggestions for True Continual Learning

Sutton believes Reinforcement Learning is the Path to to Intelligence via Experience. Sutton defines intelligence as the computational part of the ability to achieve goals. It is rooted in a stream of experience: actions taken, sensations observed, and rewards received. This era of experience forms the foundation of RL (Reinforcement Learning). AI Agents learn by …

Read more

XAI Grok 4 Should Release This Weekend

Looks like there are new Grok 4 model versions (0702) – grok-4-0702 and grok-4-code-0702. Rumor that xAI will release two versions. ➝ GROK 4 & GROK 4 code Various reports and rumors of Grok 4 capabilities: • Massive 131,000-token context window • Built-in function calling for real-world tasks • Advanced reasoning with structured, reliable outputs …

Read more

Apple Researcher Claims Illusion of AI Thinking Versus OpenAI Solving Ten Disk Puzzle

Apple’s research paper, “The Illusion of Thinking,” examines the reasoning abilities of artificial intelligence models. It claims that LLM AI problem-solving skills are misleading. The study argues that these models do not truly reason but instead rely heavily on pattern matching, creating an “illusion of thinking.” To support this claim, the paper uses the Tower …

Read more

Research Show Reasoning Models Improve With Any Rewards

RLVR amplifies reasoning patterns that already exist. Qwen2.5-Math can uniquely do “code reasoning”-solving math by writing Python💻 (without execution). Code reasoning correlates with correctness (64% w/ vs 29% w/o). Spurious training amplifies code usage to 90%+. Just having reasoning models do more work in general, makes them improve performance. 💡Our hypothesis: RLVR amplifies reasoning patterns …

Read more

LLM Scale and Solving of Programming as a Path to Superintelligence

Yann LeCun’s argues that there are limitations of chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting and large language model (LLM) reasoning. LeCun argues that these fundamental limitations will require an entirely new structure and foundation for AI to achieve true reasoning and true innovation. Integrating language models and planning systems, creating more versatile and capable technologies that address the …

Read more