China’s Energy Build Drives GDP Growth While Europe Has a Drag From Low, Costly Energy
Europe’s restrictive energy policies—characterized by lengthy, fragmented permitting (often 7–10+ years for renewables and industrial projects), heavy environmental/regulatory burdens, NIMBY/local opposition, carbon pricing (ETS), and phased-outs of reliable baseload (nuclear/coal) without rapid replacement—have led to persistently high energy costs, volatility, and slow infrastructure rollout. China has a permissive pro-growth energy approach. State-directed fast approvals, massive …