Racing to Exawatt Class Lasers and Beyond
Peak laser intensity demonstrations have occurred on specific Nd:glass-based lasers: * the Vulcan PW in the UK at 1 × 10^21 W/cm2 (2004); * the Ti:sapphirebased HERCULES laser at the University of Michigan, USA at 1 × 10^22 W/cm2 (2004) * J-KAREN-P in Japan at 1 × 10^22 W/cm2 (2018) * record intensity of 5.5 …